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Vol. No. 2 July, 1993 No. 2
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Observations on the Physico-chemical Factors of the Breeding Habitats of Culex quinquefasciatus Say, 1923 (Diptera : Culicidae) in Towns of Northeastern Peninsular Malaysia1
A. A. HASSAN2, V. NARAYANAN2 AND M.R. CHE SALMAH2
Abstract
Collections of immature stages of mosquitoes from polluted drains in the towns of Penang, Butterworth and Parit Buntar in the north peninsular Malaysia between November and December 1990 revealed Culex quinquefasciatus Say, 1823 being most extensively distributed species, besides 3 other minor Culex spp. The physical and chemical parameters of the polluted waters were measured and correlated with the distribution of Cx. quinquefasciatus. Numerical abundance of Cx. quinquefasciatus larvae was recorded in the sites with dissolved oxygen (D.O.), soluble reactive phosphate (S.R.P.) and ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3N) ranging from 1.0 to 2.0 gm/1, 1.0-2.4 gm/1 and 0.1-0.9 gm/1, respectively.
KEY WORDS: Cx. quinquefasciatus, Polluted drains, Physico-chemical Factors, Breeding Habitats, North western Peninsular Malaysia. Dissolved oxygen, soluble Reactive Phosphate, Ammoniacal Nitrogen
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1. Accepted 18.10.1993.
2. School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
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Residual Efficacy of Altosid and Bactimos Briquets Against Field Population of Aedes albopictus Skuse, 1894 (Diptera: Culicidae) in Ovitraps at Gombak Rubber Estate in Malaysia1
S. SULAIMAN2, J. JEFFERY2, A. R. SHOHADI2 AND A. F. MANSOR2
Abstract
The insect growth regulator Altosid briquet containing methoprene as an active ingredient and Bactimos briquet containing Bacillus thuringiensis serotype H-14 were compared for residual lethalities against a field population of Aedes albopictus Skuse, 1894 in a rubber estate at Gombak in Malaysia. Bactimos briquet caused greater mortality of immature stages of Ae. albopictus in the field (t-test, p < 0.001) than Altosid and that of the control (t-test, p < 0.001). There was also noted a significant difference in mortalities between Altosid and control (t- test, p < 0.01). Throughout the study period, the mean percentages of mortalities of Aedes albopictus immature stages were 20.2 ± 4.2 percent for Altosid 69.3 ± 7.5 for Bactimos and 7.3 ± 1.1 percent for control, respectively. Thus, apparently Bactimos briquets has more potential for controlling the field population of dengue vector Ae. albopictus in the rubber estate in Malaysia.
KEY WORDS : Altosid, Bactimos, Aedes albopictus, Bacillus thuringiensis H-14, ovitraps, Gombak. Malaysia. Methoprene
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1. Accepted on 9.11.1993
2. Department of Parasitology & Medical Entomology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Studies on the Impact of Deltamethrin on the Life Span of Three Anopheline Mosquitoes1, 2
TAN YI3 AND WU NENG3
Abstract
Three days old females of Anopheles sinensis Wiedemann, 1828; An. anthropophagous Xu and Feng, 1975; and, An. minimus Theobald, 1901 were exposed to the filter papers impregnated by different concentrations of deltamethrin suspension. The results revealed that deltamethrin imposed some degree of repellent effect on these females and the life span of An. anthropophagous, An. minimus was shortened while An. sinensis remained unaffected after exposure. Considering the wider incubation period of malaria parasites in the mosquito and reduced life span of exposed female mosquitoes, the deltamethrin exposure may be used as a powerful weapon for interruption of the transmission of malaria.
KEY WORDS : Deltamethrin, Anopheles sinensis, An. anthropophagus, An. minimus, malaria
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1. Accepted on 9.12.1993.
2. This work was financially supported by Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TRD), UNDP/World Bank/WHO.
3. Department of Medical Entomology, Guangxi Institute for Parasite Disease Control, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. of China.
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A Review of the Studies on the Hibernation, Ecophysiology and Biochemistry of Culex pipiens pallens Coquillett, 1898 (Diptera : Culicidae)1
SU, TIANYUN2, YE BING HUI3, SU SHOUZHI2 AND ZHAO WEIXIAN3
Abstract
A series of experiments were conducted on the ecophysiology and variations of sugar, lipids, proteins. polypeptides. body weight, water components, carbohydrates, free amino acids. juvenile hormone, molting hormone and fatty acids in hibernating females of Culex pipiens pallens Coquillett, 1898 in Zhengzhou, Henan province of China. It was found that hibernating females of this species preferred warm, moist, dim and calm shelters. The body weights fluctuated during hibernation and 15 fatty acids were formed in the body of the hibernating females. These experiments had also revealed the areas of future studies.
KEY WORDS : Biochemistry, body weight, carbohydrate, China, Culex pipiens pallens Coquillett, 1898, culicidae, diapause, diptera, ecophysiology, electrophoresis, free amino acids, Henan, hibernation, lipids, polypeptides, proteins, sugars, water components, Zhengzhou,
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1. Accepted on 18.12.1993.
2. Department of Parasitology, Henan Medical University, Zhengzhou, P. R. of China.
3. Department of Parasitology, Nanjing Medical College, Nanjing, P. R. of China.
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Studies on Anopheles (Cellia) karwari James, 1903 (Diptera : Culicidae) and its Relation to Malaria in Bastar District, Madhya Pradesh, India1
ZAKIR HUSAIN HUSAINY2,
Abstract
In 1206 man-hours 688 specimens of Anopheles karwari were collected in 8 villages of Bastar district, Madhya Pradesh , India. This Anopheles was not found resting indoors during the day time, nor a uniform feeding pattern was seen all round the year. This species appeared to be more numerous in rainy season in the North-eastern plateau with hot-moist climate and an elevation range from 609 to 761 m. This mosquito was not captured on human bait. In precipitin tests females fed on human blood were not detected. None of the females dissected showed gut or gland infection of malarial parasites.
keywords : Anopheles karwari,Bastar district, bionomics, dissections, feeding times, precipitin tests, seasonal prevalence
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1. Accepted on 27.12.1993.
2. Assistant Entomologist, National Malaria Eradication Programme, Jagdalpur. Bastar District, (M.P.), India.